312-49v11 EC-COUNCIL
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EC-COUNCIL 312-49v11 Exam Syllabus Topics:

Topic Details
Topic 1
  • Cloud Forensics: This domain covers cloud platform forensics (AWS, Azure, Google Cloud) including data storage, logging, forensic acquisition of virtual machines, and investigation of cloud security incidents.
Topic 2
  • Email and Social Media Forensics: This domain addresses email crime investigation including message analysis, U.S. email laws, social media activity tracking, footage extraction, and social network graph analysis.
Topic 3
  • Data Acquisition and Duplication: This domain addresses live and dead acquisition techniques, eDiscovery methodologies, data acquisition formats, validation procedures, write protection, and forensic image preparation for examination.
Topic 4
  • Windows Forensics: This domain covers Windows-specific investigation techniques including volatile and non-volatile data collection, memory and registry analysis, web browser forensics, metadata examination, and analysis of Windows artifacts like ShellBags, LNK files, and event logs.
Topic 5
  • Malware Forensics: This domain addresses malware investigation including controlled lab setup, static analysis, system and network behavior analysis, suspicious document examination, and ransomware investigation techniques.
Topic 6
  • Linux and Mac Forensics: This domain addresses forensic methodologies for Linux and macOS systems including data collection, memory forensics, log analysis, APFS examination, and platform-specific investigation tools.
Topic 7
  • Computer Forensics Investigation Process: This domain addresses the structured investigation phases including first response procedures, lab setup, evidence preservation, data acquisition, case analysis, documentation, reporting, and expert witness testimony.
Topic 8
  • IoT Forensics: This domain addresses IoT device investigation including architecture, OWASP IoT threats, forensic processes, wearable and smart device analysis, hardware-level techniques (JTAG, chip-off), and drone data extraction.
Topic 9
  • Understanding Hard Disks and File Systems: This domain covers storage media characteristics, disk logical structures, operating system boot processes (Windows, Linux, macOS), file systems analysis, encoding standards, and examination of common file formats.
Topic 10
  • Defeating Anti-Forensics Techniques: This domain teaches methods to overcome evidence hiding techniques including data recovery, file carving, partition recovery, password cracking, steganography detection, encryption handling, and program unpacking.
Topic 11
  • Investigating Web Attacks: This domain covers web application forensics including IIS and Apache log analysis, OWASP Top 10 risks, and investigation of attacks like XSS, SQL injection, path traversal, command injection, and brute-force attempts.

 

QUESTION 124
To enhance the security and effectiveness of a computer forensic laboratory, the management is considering implementing a series of changes based on best practices. Which measure would NOT be effective or appropriate according to the given information?

 
 
 
 

QUESTION 125
A forensic team at a multinational corporation is investigating an alleged data breach. After thoroughly reviewing the system logs, the team discovers consistent outbound traffic from an internal system to a suspicious IP address linked with dark web activity. Upon inspecting the concerned system, they identify that the user had been using TOR for unsanctioned activities. To gather further evidence of TOR usage, which of the following techniques is least likely to yield substantial results?

 
 
 
 

QUESTION 126
During a recent network intrusion investigation, a CHFI received logs from Juniper IDS, Check Point IPS, and a Kippo Honeypot. Which log provides information about the network traffic and bandwidth adjustment, aiding in business risk valuation?

 
 
 
 

QUESTION 127
A company has been sending promotional emails to its customers as part of an ongoing marketing campaign.
However, the company begins to receive multiple complaints from recipients stating that they are unable to unsubscribe from future emails. Customers express frustration as they report that the unsubscribe link, which is legally required to be included in every commercial email, is either completely missing from the emails or not functioning as intended. This prevents recipients from easily opting out of receiving further communications, which directly violates the provisions of the CAN-SPAM Act. The absence or malfunctioning of the unsubscribe feature has caused significant dissatisfaction among the recipients and is now a point of concern for the company.
The company is now under investigation by the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) for potential violations of the CAN-SPAM Act, which sets rules for commercial email practices. The company is facing legal action, and the authorities are examining whether they failed to comply with key provisions of the CAN-SPAM Act, such as the requirement for clear and accessible unsubscribe options and truthful subject lines. What violation of the CAN-SPAM Act is the company most likely being investigated for?

 
 
 
 

QUESTION 128
Which tool allows dumping the contents of process memory without stopping the process?

 
 
 
 

QUESTION 129
A major financial institution recently observed an unusually high number of failed login attempts on a critical server. The security analyst uses Splunk Enterprise Security (ES) to investigate the logs and suspect a possible brute-force attack. After examining the Windows Event Viewer logs, the analyst detects a series of event ID 4625 (failed logins) and event ID 4624 (successful logins).
Which of the following SIEM features would be MOST beneficial for the analyst to accurately pinpoint the source of the potential attack and investigate it further?

 
 
 
 

QUESTION 130
Amelia has got an email from a well-reputed company stating in the subject line that she has won a prize money, whereas the email body says that she has to pay a certain amount for being eligible for the contest. Which of the following acts does the email breach?

 
 
 
 

QUESTION 131
A CHFI has been asked to recover browser history from a seized Microsoft Edge browser on a Windows system. This is important to pinpoint the suspect’s online activities. The suspect was known to clear their browser history frequently. Which tool and path would most efficiently recover the required data?

 
 
 
 

QUESTION 132
As an IoT forensic investigator, you are tasked with investigating a cybercrime involving a compromised Smart TV and other IoT devices. The investigation requires extracting data from various IoT devices, including drones, wearables, and SD cards, to gather crucial evidence. You need a tool capable of performing both physical and logical extractions from these devices, covering mobile devices running Android, iOS, Tizen OS, and chip-off memory sources. Which of the following tools would be most suitable for this investigation?

 
 
 
 

QUESTION 133
Bill is the accounting manager for Grummon and Sons LLC in Chicago. On a regular basis, he needs to send PDF documents containing sensitive information through E-mail to his customers.
Bill protects the PDF documents with a password and sends them to their intended recipients.
Why PDF passwords do not offer maximum protection?

 
 
 
 

QUESTION 134
During an internal audit at a financial services firm in Chicago, forensic analysts investigate a suspicious administrator login followed by several account management events. Within a short timeframe, the logs record group creation, member additions, and member deletions. To reconstruct the sequence of activity and identify the action that enabled subsequent privilege escalation, which event should analysts prioritize as the initial step?

 
 
 
 

QUESTION 135
Richard is extracting volatile data from a system and uses the command doskey/history. What is he trying to extract?

 
 
 
 

QUESTION 136
During a financial crime investigation at a credit union in Dallas, Texas, a forensic examiner is tasked with collecting evidence from a suspect ‘ s workstation. To ensure the evidence remains admissible in court and follows best practices, which rule of thumb must the examiner apply during data acquisition?

 
 
 
 

QUESTION 137
During call setup, a telecommunications service provider employs a multifaceted approach to verify the identity of both the calling and called parties, ensuring the legitimacy of the users involved. Sarah, a security analyst at the provider, oversees the process, utilizing a combination of unique identifiers to obtain subscriber information and perform location tracking.
Which specific mechanism stands out as the primary means for the service provider to ensure user identity during call setup?

 
 
 
 

QUESTION 138
Which of the following Steganography techniques allows you to encode information that ensures creation of cover for secret communication?

 
 
 
 

QUESTION 139
George is performing security analysis for Hammond and Sons LLC. He is testing security vulnerabilities of their wireless network. He plans on remaining as “stealthy” as possible during the scan. Why would a scanner like Nessus is not recommended in this situation?

 
 
 
 

QUESTION 140
Lucas, a forensics expert, was extracting artifacts related to the Tor browser from a memory dump obtained from a victim’s system. During his investigation, he used a forensic tool to extract relevant information and noticed that the dump contained the least possible number of artifacts as evidence. Based on his observations, which of the following conditions resulted in the least number of artifacts being found in the memory dump?

 
 
 
 

QUESTION 141
Which “Standards and Criteria” under SWDGE states that “the agency must use hardware and software that are appropriate and effective for the seizure or examination procedure”?

 
 
 
 

QUESTION 142
Alex, a system administrator, is tasked with converting an existing EXT2 file system to an EXT3 file system on a Linux machine. The EXT2 file system is currently in use, and Alex needs to enable journaling to convert it to EXT3. Which of the following commands should Alex use to achieve this conversion?

 
 
 
 

QUESTION 143
A clothing company has recently deployed a website on Its latest product line to Increase Its conversion rate and base of customers. Andrew, the network administrator recently appointed by the company, has been assigned with the task of protecting the website from Intrusion and vulnerabilities. Which of the following tool should Andrew consider deploying in this scenario?

 
 
 
 

QUESTION 144
A cyber attacker is suspected of using program packers as an anti-forensics technique in a major data breach incident. As the lead cybersecurity investigator, you’ve been tasked to deal with the situation. Which of the following actions would be most effective in defeating this anti-forensic technique?

 
 
 
 

QUESTION 145
A digital forensics lab is working on a high-profile cybercrime case. The director has decided to include a new team member in the investigation team for his specialized expertise. Which of the following considerations should be considered in the context of maintaining the lab’s integrity, based on the given information?

 
 
 
 

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